100 metres hurdles

Athletics
100 metres hurdles
A 100 m hurdles race at Atlanta 1996.
Women's records
World United States Kendra Harrison 12.20 (2016)
Olympic Australia Sally Pearson 12.35 (2012)

The 100 metres hurdles, or 100-meter hurdles, is a track and field event run mainly by women (the male counterpart is the 110 metres hurdles). For the race, ten hurdles of a height of 83.8 centimetres (33.0 in) are placed along a straight course of 100 metres (109.36 yd). The first hurdle is placed after a run-up of 13 metres from the starting line. The next 9 hurdles are set at a distance of 8.5 metres from each other, and the home stretch from the last hurdle to the finish line is 10.5 metres long. The hurdles are set up so that they will fall over if bumped into by the runner, but weighted so this is disadvantageous. Fallen hurdles do not count against runners provided that they do not run into them on purpose. Like the 100 metres sprint, the 100 m hurdles begins with athletes in starting blocks.

The fastest 100 m hurdlers run the distance in a time of around 12.5 seconds. The world record set by Kendra Harrison stands at 12.20 seconds.

History

Cornelia Oschkenat (nearest camera), Heike Theele and Kerstin Knabe (1986)

The Olympic Games had included the 80 m hurdles in the program from 1932 to 1968. Starting with the 1972 Summer Olympics the women's race was lengthened to 100 m hurdles.

The hurdles sprint race has been run by women since the beginning of women's athletics, just after the end of World War I. The distances and hurdle heights varied widely in the beginning. While the men had zeroed in on the 110 m hurdles, the International Women's Sport Federation had registered records for eight different disciplines by 1926 (60 yards/75 cm height, 60 yards/61 cm, 65 yards/75 cm, 83 yards/75 cm, 100 yards/75 cm, 100 yards/61 cm, 120 yards/75 cm, 110 metres/75 cm). At the first Women's World Games in 1922 a 100 m hurdles race was run.

From 1926 until 1968 on only the 80 m distance was run. For the 80 m race women had to clear eight hurdles placed at a distance of 8 metres from each other and a height of 76.2 cm.

Just like with the men's races, until 1935 no more than three hurdles could be knocked over (or the runner was disqualified) and records were only officially registered if the runner had cleared all her hurdles clean. In 1935, this rule was abandoned, and L-shaped hurdles were introduced that fell over forward easily and greatly reduced the risk of injury to the runner. Hurdles are weighted, so when properly set for the height (for women, closer to the fulcrum of the "L"), they serve as a consistent disadvantage to making contact with the barrier.

Comparison of 80 m and 100 m hurdles
Distance Number
of hurdles
Height Distance made up of
Runup Intervals Home stretch
80 m876.2 cm12 m8.0 m12.0 m
100 m1083.8 cm13 m8.5 m10.5 m

The 80 m hurdles was on the list of women's sports demanded by the International Women's Sport Federation for the Olympic Summer Games in 1928, but wasn't included as an Olympic discipline until 1932. Starting with 1949, the 80 m hurdles was one of the disciplines included in the women's pentathlon.

During the 1960s, some experimental races were run over a distance of 100 metres using hurdles with a height of 76.2 cm. During the 1968 Summer Olympics, a decision was made to introduce the 100 m hurdles using hurdles with a height of 84 cm. The first international event in the 100 m hurdles occurred at the European Athletics Championships, which were won by Karin Balzer, GDR. The modern 100 m race has an extra 2 hurdles compared to the 80 m race, which are higher and spaced slightly further apart. The home stretch is shorter by 1.5 m.

Masters athletics

A version of the 100 metres hurdles is also used for 50- to 59-year-old men in Masters athletics. They run the same spacing as women, which coordinates with existing markings on most tracks, but run over 36-inch (0.915 m) hurdles. In the 60-69 age range, the spacings are changed. Women over age 40 and men over age 70 run 80 metre versions with different heights and spacings.[1][2]

Milestones

100 m hurdles:

  • First official time registered with hurdles of reduced height (76.2 cm): Pamela Kilborn, AUS, November 26, 1961
  • First official time with hurdles of standard height (83.8 cm): 15.1 seconds, Connie Pettersson, USA, May 28, 1966
  • First official world record: 13.3 seconds, Karin Balzer, GDR, June 20, 1969
  • First runner under 13 seconds: 12.9 seconds, Karin Balzer, GDR, September 5, 1969
  • First runner under 12.5 seconds:
  • First runner under 12.3 seconds: 12.29 seconds, Yordanka Donkova BUL, August 17, 1986
  • First country to win gold, silver, and bronze in the women's 100 m hurdles in one Olympics: America (Brianna Rollins, Nia Ali and Kristi Castlin), 2016; this was also the first time American women achieved such a sweep in any Olympic event[3]

Top 25 athletes

  • Correct as of May 2018.[4]
Rank Time Wind (m/s) Athlete Country Date Venue Ref
1 12.20 +0.3 Kendra Harrison  United States 22 July 2016 London [5]
2 12.21 +0.7 Yordanka Donkova Bulgaria20 August 1988Stara Zagora
3 12.25 +1.4 Ginka Zagorcheva Bulgaria8 August 1987Drama
4 12.26 +1.7 Ludmila Narozhilenko Russia6 June 1992Seville
12.26 +1.2 Brianna Rollins  United States 22 June 2013 Des Moines [6]
6 12.28 +1.1 Sally Pearson  Australia 3 September 2011 Daegu [7]
7 12.33 –0.3 Gail Devers United States23 July 2000Sacramento
8 12.34 +1.9 Sharika Nelvis  United States 26 June 2015 Eugene [8]
9 12.35 +0.9 Jasmin Stowers  United States 15 May 2015 Doha [9]
10 12.36 +1.9 Grażyna Rabsztyn Poland13 June 1980Warsaw
11 12.37 +1.5 Joanna Hayes United States24 August 2004Athens
12.37 -0.2 Dawn Harper United States7 August 2012London
13 12.39 +1.5 Vera Komisova Soviet Union5 August 1980Rome
12.39 +1.8 Nataliya Grygoryeva Soviet Union11 July 1991Kiev
15 12.40 +1.2 Jasmine Camacho-Quinn  Puerto Rico 13 May 2018 Knoxville [10]
16 12.41 +0.5 Alina Talay  Belarus 31 May 2018 St. Pölten [11]
17 12.42 +1.8 Bettine Jahn East Germany8 June 1983Berlin
12.42 +2.0 Anjanette Kirkland United States11 August 2001Edmonton
19 12.43 -0.9 Lucyna Kalek Poland19 August 1984Hannover
12.43 -0.3 Michelle Perry  United States 26 June 2005 Carson
12.43 +0.6 11 July 2006 Lausanne
12.43 +0.2 Lolo Jones United States18 August 2008Beijing
12.43 +1.2 Queen Harrison  United States 22 June 2013 Des Moines [6]
23 12.44 -0.5 Gloria Siebert East Germany4 September 1987Rome
12.44 -0.8 Olga Shishigina Kazakhstan27 June 1995Lucerne
12.44 +0.4 Glory Alozie  Nigeria 8 August 1998 Monaco
12.44 0.0 28 August 1998 Brussels
12.44 +0.7 28 August 1999 Seville
12.44 +0.6 Damu Cherry United States7 July 2006Lausanne

Notes

Below is a list of all other legal times inside 12.39:

Assisted marks

Any performance with a following wind of more than 2.0 metres per second does not count for record purposes. Below is a list of all wind-assisted times equal or superior to 12.37.

  • Cornelia Oschkenat (GDR) ran 12.28 sec (+2.7) in Berlin, August 25, 1987.
  • Yordanka Donkova (BUL) ran 12.29 sec (+3.5) in Lausanne, June 24, 1988.
  • Gail Devers (USA) ran 12.29 sec (+2.7) in Eugene, May 26, 2002.
  • Lolo Jones (USA) ran 12.29 sec (+3.8) in Eugene, July 6, 2008.
  • Brianna Rollins ran 12.30 (+2.8) on June 22, and 12.33 (+2.3) on June 21, in Des Moines in 2013.
  • Bettine Jahn (GDR) ran 12.35 sec (+2.4) in Helsinki (World Championship final), August 13, 1983
  • Kellie Wells (USA) ran 12.35 sec (+3.7) in Gainseville, April 16, 2011.
  • Dawn Harper (USA) ran 12.36 sec (+2.2) in Eugene, Oregon, June 28, 2009.
  • Gloria Siebert (GDR) ran 12.37 sec (+2.7) in Berlin, August 25, 1987.
  • Danielle Carruthers (USA) ran 12.37 sec (+3.4) in Eugene, Oregon, June 26, 2011.

Most successful athletes

  • Shirley Strickland (AUS): two Olympic victories, 1952 and 1956 in the 80 m hurdles.
  • Ludmila Narozhilenko-Engquist (URS) later (SWE): Olympic victory, 1996, two World Championship victories, 1991 and 1997.
  • Gail Devers (USA): three World Championships, 1993, 1995, 1999, as well as runner-up at the 1991 and 2001 World Championships.
  • Sally Pearson (AUS): Olympic victory in 2012, as well as runner-up in 2008. World Championship victories in 2011 and 2017, as well as runner-up in 2013.
  • Brianna Rollins (USA): Olympic victory in 2016, World Championships 2013.

Olympic medalists

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1972 Munich
Annelie Ehrhardt
 East Germany
Valeria Bufanu
 Romania
Karin Balzer
 East Germany
1976 Montreal
Johanna Schaller-Klier
 East Germany
Tatyana Anisimova
 Soviet Union
Natalya Lebedeva
 Soviet Union
1980 Moscow
Vera Komisova
 Soviet Union
Johanna Schaller-Klier
 East Germany
Lucyna Langer
 Poland
1984 Los Angeles
Benita Fitzgerald
 United States
Shirley Strong
 Great Britain
Michèle Chardonnet
 France
Kim Turner
 United States
1988 Seoul
Yordanka Donkova
 Bulgaria
Gloria Siebert
 East Germany
Claudia Zackiewicz
 West Germany
1992 Barcelona
Voula Patoulidou
 Greece
LaVonna Martin
 United States
Yordanka Donkova
 Bulgaria
1996 Atlanta
Ludmila Engquist
 Sweden
Brigita Bukovec
 Slovenia
Patricia Girard
 France
2000 Sydney
Olga Shishigina
 Kazakhstan
Glory Alozie
 Nigeria
Melissa Morrison
 United States
2004 Athens
Joanna Hayes
 United States
Olena Krasovska
 Ukraine
Melissa Morrison
 United States
2008 Beijing
Dawn Harper
 United States
Sally McLellan
 Australia
Priscilla Lopes-Schliep
 Canada
2012 London
Sally Pearson
 Australia
Dawn Harper
 United States
Kellie Wells
 United States
2016 Rio de Janeiro
Brianna Rollins
 United States
Nia Ali
 United States
Kristi Castlin
 United States

World Championships medalists

Championships Gold Silver Bronze
1983 Helsinki
 Bettine Jahn (GDR)  Kerstin Knabe (GDR)  Ginka Zagorcheva (BUL)
1987 Rome
 Ginka Zagorcheva (BUL)  Gloria Uibel (GDR)  Cornelia Oschkenat (GDR)
1991 Tokyo
 Ludmila Narozhilenko (URS)  Gail Devers (USA)  Nataliya Grygoryeva (URS)
1993 Stuttgart
 Gail Devers (USA)  Marina Azyabina (RUS)  Lynda Tolbert-Goode (USA)
1995 Gothenburg
 Gail Devers (USA)  Olga Shishigina (KAZ)  Yuliya Graudyn (RUS)
1997 Athens
 Ludmila Engquist (SWE)  Svetla Dimitrova (BUL)  Michelle Freeman (JAM)
1999 Seville
 Gail Devers (USA)  Glory Alozie (NGR)  Ludmila Engquist (SWE)
2001 Edmonton
 Anjanette Kirkland (USA)  Gail Devers (USA)  Olga Shishigina (KAZ)
2003 Saint-Denis
 Perdita Felicien (CAN)  Brigitte Foster-Hylton (JAM)  Miesha McKelvy (USA)
2005 Helsinki
 Michelle Perry (USA)  Delloreen Ennis-London (JAM)  Brigitte Foster-Hylton (JAM)
2007 Osaka
 Michelle Perry (USA)  Perdita Felicien (CAN)  Delloreen Ennis-London (JAM)
2009 Berlin
 Brigitte Foster-Hylton (JAM)  Priscilla Lopes-Schliep (CAN)  Delloreen Ennis-London (JAM)
2011 Daegu
 Sally Pearson (AUS)  Danielle Carruthers (USA)  Dawn Harper (USA)
2013 Moscow
 Brianna Rollins (USA)  Sally Pearson (AUS)  Tiffany Porter (GBR)
2015 Beijing
 Danielle Williams (JAM)  Cindy Roleder (GER)  Alina Talay (BLR)
2017 London
 Sally Pearson (AUS)  Dawn Harper-Nelson (USA)  Pamela Dutkiewicz (GER)

Season's bests

Year Time Athlete Place
1970 12.93  Chi Cheng (ROC) Munich
1971 12.60  Karin Balzer (GDR) East Berlin
1972 12.59  Anneliese Ehrhardt (GDR) Munich
1973 12.68  Anneliese Ehrhardt (GDR) Dresden
1974 12.66  Anneliese Ehrhardt (GDR) Rome
1975 12.91  Bożena Świerczyńska (POL) Zielona Góra
1976 12.69  Grazyna Rabsztyn (POL) Bydgoszcz
1977 12.87  Lyubov Kononova (URS) Düsseldorf
1978 12.48  Grazyna Rabsztyn (POL) Fürth
1979 12.48  Grazyna Rabsztyn (POL) Warsaw
1980 12.36  Grazyna Rabsztyn (POL) Warsaw
1981 12.68  Tatyana Anisimova (URS) Tbilisi
1982 12.44  Yordanka Donkova (BUL) Sofia
1983 12.42  Bettine Jahn (GDR) Berlin
1984 12.43  Lucyna Kalek (POL) Hannover
1985 12.42  Ginka Zagorcheva (BUL) Sofia
1986 12.26  Yordanka Donkova (BUL) Ljubljana
1987 12.25  Ginka Zagorcheva (BUL) Dráma
1988 12.21  Yordanka Donkova (BUL) Stara Zagora
1989 12.60  Cornelia Oschkenat (GDR) Barcelona
1990 12.53  Nataliya Grygoryeva (URS) Kiev
1991 12.28  Ludmila Narozhilenko (URS) Kiev
1992 12.26  Ludmila Narozhilenko (RUS) Seville
1993 12.46  Gail Devers (USA) Stuttgart
1994 12.53  Tatyana Reshetnikova (RUS)
 Svetla Dimitrova (BUL)
Linz
Stara Zagora
1995 12.44  Olga Shishigina (KAZ) Lucerne
1996 12.47  Ludmila Engquist (SWE) Atlanta
1997 12.50  Ludmila Engquist (SWE) Athens
1998 12.44  Glory Alozie (NGR) Monaco
1999 12.37  Gail Devers (USA) Seville
2000 12.33  Gail Devers (USA) Sacramento
2001 12.42  Anjanette Kirkland (USA) Edmonton
2002 12.40  Gail Devers (USA) Lausanne
2003 12.45  Brigitte Foster-Hylton (JAM)
 Gail Devers (USA)
Eugene
Monaco
2004 12.37  Joanna Hayes (USA) Athens
2005 12.43  Michelle Perry (USA) Carson
2006 12.43  Michelle Perry (USA) Lausanne
2007 12.44  Michelle Perry (USA) Rome
2008 12.43  Lolo Jones (USA) Beijing
2009 12.46  Brigitte Foster-Hylton (JAM) Zürich
2010 12.52  Priscilla Lopes-Schliep (CAN) London
2011 12.28  Sally Pearson (AUS) Daegu
2012 12.35  Sally Pearson (AUS) London
2013 12.26  Brianna Rollins (USA) Des Moines
2014 12.44  Dawn Harper-Nelson (USA) Paris
2015 12.34  Sharika Nelvis (USA) Eugene
2016 12.20  Kendra Harrison (USA) London
2017 12.28  Kendra Harrison (USA) Székesfehérvár

See also

Notes et references

  1. "Hurdles 101".
  2. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-01-22. Retrieved 2013-05-06.
  3. "Rio Olympics 2016: US women sweep medals in 100m hurdles - BBC News". Bbc.com. 2016. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  4. "All-time women's best 100m hurdles". alltime-athletics.com. 7 July 2017. Retrieved 9 July 2017.
  5. "100m Hurdles Results" (PDF). sportresult.com. 22 July 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  6. 1 2 Kirby Lee (23 June 2013). "National records for Rollins, Carter and Bingson at US Championships". IAAF. Retrieved 24 June 2013.
  7. "100 Metres Hurdles Results" (PDF). IAAF. 3 September 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 February 2012. Retrieved 3 September 2011.
  8. "100m Hurdles Heat 3 Results". 26 June 2015. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
  9. "100m Hurdles Results". IAAF. 15 May 2015. Retrieved 31 August 2015.
  10. "McLaughlin smashes own world U20 400m hurdles record with 52.75 in Knoxville". IAAF. 14 May 2018. Retrieved 15 May 2018.
  11. Alfonz Juck (31 May 2018). "Alina Talay hurdles 12.41 for 100m hurdles, Fastest European time since 1992!". runblogrun.com. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
  • Much of the content of this article comes from the equivalent German-language Wikipedia article (retrieved February 13, 2006).
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