In this lesson, you will learn about direct objects and prepositions in Persian.

Dialogue

درس 11

ف

كيف – tas

د فتر – schrift

پد ر – vader

پذرش – zijn vader

مسافرت – reis, vakantie

درس – les

فراموش – vergeet

فردا – morgen

بردن – meenemen

مي برد – hij neemt mee

مادرش – zijn moeder

برادرش – zijn broer

دفترش – zijn schrift

كتابشاست – zijn boek

امين برادر اكرم است – Amin is de broer van Akram

پدر اكرم فردا به مسافرت مي رود – morgen gaat de vader van Akram op reis

امين كتابش را فراموش نمي كند – Amin vergeet het boek

امين و اكرم درس را دوست دارند – Amin en Akram leren graag

امين كتاب دار – Amin heeft een boek

من كيف دارم – Ik heb een tas

Direct objects

Definite or human object enclitic را  ‹râ›, colloquially pronounced or /o/ after consonant, /ro/ after vowel.

Persian doesn't have a direct article like “the”. In some situations را carries similar meaning, but is less used than "the".

Prepositions

prepositions:

• از  ‹az› (“from, than, by”)
• با  ‹bâ› (“with”)
• برای  ‹barâye› (“for, in order to”)
• بی  ‹bi› (“without”)
• بدون  ‹bedun-e› (“without”)
• به  ‹be› (“to, in, at, on”)
• دنبال  ‹dombâl-e› (“behind”)
• پشت  ‹post-e› (“behind”)
• نزدیک  ‹nazdik-e› (“near”)
• ‌ پیش  ‹pish-e› (“before, in front of”)
• جلو  ‹jelo-ye› (“before, in front of”)
• روی  ‹ruy-e› (“on, on the face of”)
• تو  ‹tu-ye› (“inside, into”)
• در  ‹dar› (“in”)
• زیر  ‹zir-e› (“under”)

Some Persian verbs often are accompanied by prepositional phrases that translate into English as transitive verbs with direct objects, especially common with از ‹az› (“from, than, by”) and بی ‹bi› (“without”).

Sentence structure

(subject) (definite object را) (prep phrases) (adverbs) (predicate nominative/adjective) verb

Notes

Next: Lesson 12 ( ۱۲ ), Simple present tense

Continue to Lesson 12 ( ۱۲ ), Simple present tense >>