Prehistoric times

• Palaeolithic age
  • Riwatian people (1,900,000 BC)
  • Soanian people (500,000 BC)
• Neolithic age
  • Mehrgarh culture (7000–3300 BC)
• Bronze age
  • Indus Valley Civilization (3300-1300 years BC)
• Iron age
  • Vedic period (1750–500 years BC)
  • Kingdom of Gandhara (1500-500 years BC)
  • Achaemenid Empire (550–330 years BC)
  • Macedonian Empire (335–323 years BC)
  • Maurya Empire (322–252 BC)

Classical period (230 BC–1187 AD)

• Seleucid Empire (312–63 BC)
• Greco-Bactrian Kingdom (252–125 years BC)
• Indo-Scythian Kingdom (200 BC-102 AD)
• Indo-Greek Kingdom (180 BC-10 AD)
• Indo-Parthian Kingdom (21–130 AD)
• Kushan Empire (30–375 AD)
• Sasanian Empire (224–641 AD)
• Indo-Sasanians (240–410 AD)
• Gupta Empire (320–600 AD)
• Rajput dynasties (7–20 century AD)
• Hephthalite Empire (420–567 AD)
• Rai dynasty (489–632 AD)
• Kabul Shahi dynasty (500–1100 AD)
• Umayyad Caliphate (661–750 AD)
• Pala Empire (770–850 AD)
• Ghaznavids (963–1187 AD)

Late medieval period (1206–1526 AD)

• Mamluk dynasty (1206–1290 AD)
• Khilji dynasty (1290–1320 AD)
• Tughlaq dynasty (1320–1413 AD)
• Sayyid dynasty (1414–1451 AD)
• Lodi dynasty (1451–1526 AD)

Early modern period (1526–1849 AD)

• Mughal Empire (1526–1858 AD)
• Bombay Presidency (1618–1947 AD)
• Durrani Empire (1747–1823 AD)
• Misls (1733–1805 AD)
• Maratha Empire (1758–1760 AD)
• Sikh Empire (1799–1849 AD)

British Indian Empire (1849–1947 AD)

Modern history (1947–present)

• Dominion of Pakistan
• Islamic Republic of Pakistan