Irish/Vocabulary/Verbs

Briathar/Verb	Aistriúchán/Translation
abair	To say
achainigh	to entreat (to request earnestly)
achoimrigh	to recap/recapitulate/summarise
adhair	to adore/worship
adharcáil	to gore
adhlaic	to bury
admhaigh	to admit
aeráil	to air (as in to air a room)
agair	to beg/sue
aibigh	to ripen
aicmigh	to classify
aifir	to rebuke
aimridigh	to sterilise
aimsigh	to hit/locate
ainmnigh	to assign/name
airigh	to receive/calculate
aisghair	to repeal
aisig	to restore
aistarraing	to retract
aistrigh	to change
aisíoc	to refund/reimburse/repay
aithin	to recognise
áitigh	to argue/
áitrigh	to inhabit/
aithris	to recite
allmhairigh	to import
alp	to devour/gobble/scoff
anailísigh	to analyse
anluchtaigh	to overload
análaigh	to respire/aspirate/breathe
aontaigh	to concour/agree
ardaigh	to ascend/elevate/heighten/hoist/lift
aslonnaigh	to evacuate
athaimsigh	to relocate
athaontaigh	to reunite
athbheoigh	to resuscitate/revive
athbhreithnigh	to review
athbhunaigh	to revive?
athchas	to rewind (as in a tape)
athcheartaigh	to revise
athchomhairligh	to discourage
athchóirigh	to alter/recondition/refurbish/renovate/restore(building)/revamp/upgrade (house)
athchúrsáil	to recycle
athdhearbhaigh	to reassure
athdheisigh	to refurbish
athdhéan	to redo
atheagraigh	to redeploy (resources)
athghair	to recall
athghnóthaigh	to regain
athlonnaigh	to relocate
athlíon	to refill/replenish (glass)
athnuaigh	to rejuvenate/renew
athobair	to ?
athoil	to retrain (worker)
athphlandáil	to transplant
athraigh	to alter/change/vary
athroinn	to redeploy
athscag	to refine
athsheol	to redirect (mail)
athsholáthair	to replace??
athshreangaigh	to rewire
atosaigh	to renew/resume
atreoraigh	to divert
atáirg	to reproduce
atóg	to reconstruct (building)
babhtáil	to barter
bac	to hinder/impede/thwart
bagair	to threaten
bailigh	to assemble/collect/gather
bain	to harvest/mow/reap/dig up (potatoes)
baist	to baptise/christen
barrloisc	to singe
basc	to mangle/maul
batráil	to batter
bealaigh	to grease/lubricate
beannaigh	to bless
bearnaigh	to breach
bearr	to prune/shave
beartaigh	to contrive/scheme/wield (sword)
beir	to grab
beirigh	to boil
beoigh	to liven-up
bioraigh	to sharpen
bladair	to cajole
bodhraigh	to deafen
bog	to budge/maneuver/relax(muscle)/soften
bolg	to distend(physiology)/bloat(agriculture)
borr	to surge
braith	to betray/notice/perceive/detect/size-up/sound-out
breithnigh	to evaluate(factor)
breoigh	to glow
bris	to break/fail(candidate)/overthrow/bring-down(government)/shatter - more
broid	to goad/nudge/prod
bronn	to donate
brostaigh	to hasten/precipitate
bruith	to bake
bréag	to lie/delude
bréagnaigh	to belie/contradict/disprove/rebut
bróidnigh	to embroider
brúigh	to hustle/mash/shove
buaigh	to win
buail	to flap/hit/knock/lick/thresh(agriculture)/toll(bell)
buain	to reap
buair	to annoy
bunaigh	to establish/found/institute
bácáil	to bake
báigh	to drench/drown/plunge/sink(ship)/soak/swamp
bánaigh	to bleach(linen)/evacuate(place)
bí	to be
cabhraigh	to assist
cailg	to bite
caill	to forfeit(lose)/miss/shed
cairt	to thaw??
cairtfhostaigh	to charter(plane)
caith	to cast(throw)/check(throw)/expend/fling/flip/hurl/toss/throw/wear
can	to speak
canbhasáil	to canvass
caoch	to daze/overwhelming(victory vi)/resounding(victory vi)
caoin	to cry (vi)/mourne (vi)/weep(vi)
caolaigh	to dilute/constrict
caomhnaigh	to conserve/preserve (keep safe)
carn	to accumulate
cas	to twirl
ceadaigh	to allow/approve/let(practise/claim/goal)
cealaigh	to annul/cancel/delete
cealg	to deceive
ceangail	to bind/fasten/hitch/teather
ceannaigh	to buy/purchase
ceap	to appoint/designate(to office)/devise
ceartaigh	to adjust(clock/scales/compass)/rectify(error)/rebuke/redress
ceiliúir	to celebrate(vi)/vanish
ceistigh	to interrogate/query/question/quiz
ciallaigh	to interpret
ciap	to annoy/besiege/harass/hound/plague/tease
ciceáil	to kick
cigil	to tickle
cinntigh	to assure/confirm/ensure
cionroinn	to allocate/distribute
ciorclaigh	to encircle
ciorraigh	to hack/maim/mangle
ciúnaigh	to becalm/hush/quell/sooth
clamhair	to maul
claochlaigh	to transform
claon	to incline/perverse/tilt/veer
cleacht	to ply(a trade)/rehearse
clip	to ?
clis	to conk-out
clois	to hear/overhear
cloígh	to overpower/digest/overwhelm(enemy)/repress/subdue/sap
cluimhrigh	to preen
cluin	to hear/overhear
clutharaigh	to muffle
cláraigh	to enroll
clóigh	to overpower/digest/overwhelm(enemy)/repress/subdue/sap
clúdaigh	to cover
cnag	to bash/crunch/knock/snap(sound)
cnaígh	to gnaw
cneasaigh	to heal
cniotáil	to knit
codail	to sleep(vi)
cogain	to chew(vi)
coigeartaigh	to update
coigil	to economise/save
coigistigh	to confiscate
coill	to castrate/geld/spay
coilínigh	to colonize
coimeád	to hold/keep/maintain/
coimhéad	to observe
coimrigh	to sum-up
cóineartaigh	to ?
coinnigh	to hold/retain/preserve/detain/keep/
coinsínigh	to consign
coip	to ferment/whip(as in whisk)
coir	to ?
coisc	to deter/obstruct(block)/preclude/prevent/prohibit/stave-off(attack)
coisric	to bless
comhaill	to fulfil
comhair	to count/reckon
comhairligh	to advise
comharthaigh	to denote/suggest
comhbhailigh	to aggregate
comhbhrúigh	to compress
comhdhearbhaigh	to ?
comhdhlúthaigh	to consense
comhfhadaigh	to justify(computing)
comhfhortaigh	to ?
comhfhreagair	to correspond
comhlíon	to discharge/fulfil/observe/perform(duties)/serve
comhordaigh	to coordinate
comhréitigh	to conciliate/harmonise (of texts)
comhtharlaigh	to coincide
comhtháthaigh	to integrate
conlaigh	to glean
corn	to bale/wrap-up
corpraigh	to incorporate
corraigh	to agitate/affect/budge/disturb/excite/stir(vi)
cosain	to defend/protect/safeguard
coscair	to hack/thaw
cothromaigh	to equalize(sport)
crap	to crumple/shrink(vi)
creach	to loot/pillage/plunder/ransack/rifle
creid	to believe
creim	to corrode/erode/thaw
creimseáil	to nibble
criathraigh	to riddle/sift
croch	to hang/suspend
croith	to shake/sprinkle/wag/waggle
crom	to crouch/droop/stoop
cros	to ban/prohibit/veto
croscheistigh	to cross-examine(law)
cruaigh	to hardened/toughened
cruinnigh	to gather
cruthaigh	to create/establish/prove
cráigh	to bother/harass/pester/annoy
créam	to cremate
críochnaigh	to accomplish/conclude/finish-off
cuardaigh	to frisk/prospect/search
cuidigh	to help
cuimhnigh	to remember
cuimil	to fondle/rub/stroke/wipe
cuimsigh	to comprehend/include
cuir	to put
cum	to compose/form/invent/limit
cumaisc	to merge/mix
cumhdaigh	to protect/uphold(law)
cuntais	to count/reckon
cáiligh	to qualify
cáin	to condemn/criticize/fine/levy/penalize/slam/tax
céas	to crucify/hound/persecute/torture
cíor	to comb/scour(search)
cócaráil	to cook
cóimeáil	to assemble
cóineartaigh	to ?
cóirigh	to mend/overhaul/rig/straighten
cónaigh	to ?
cúbláil	to defraud/misappropriate
cúigeáil	to embezzle
cúisigh	to accuse
cúitigh	to compensate
cúngaigh	to create/establish/prove
cúrsáil	to cruise
daingnigh	to fortify/strengthen
dall	to blind/darken/dazzle/mesmerize
dallraigh	to dazzle
damnaigh	to damn
dathaigh	to paint
deachtaigh	to dictate
dealaigh	to subtract
dearbhaigh	to assert/assure/declare
dearc	to consider/look
dearg	to blush/kindle/redden/
deifrigh	to hasten/hurry
deighil	to divide
deimhnigh	to check/verify
deisigh	to fix
deonaigh	to accord/condescend/grant
dianscaoil	to break/decompose/
diasraigh	to glean
diomail	to dissipate/squander
diúraic	to brandish/cast/project/shoot
doimhnigh	to deepen
dorchaigh	to darken/
dramhail	to ?
dreasaigh	to incite
driog	to distil
droimscríobh	to endorse/
druid	to shut/
dubhaigh	to blacken/
dáil	to distribute
déan	to do/make/
dí-armáil	to disarm
dí-oighrigh	to de-ice
díbholg	to deflate/
díbir	to banish/
dícheangail	to detach/
dícheann	to behead/
díchoimisiúnaigh	to decommission
díchorn	to unwind/
díchreid	to ?
díchum	to distort/
dícháiligh	to disqualify/
díchóimeáil	to dismantle/
dífhabhtaigh	to debug/
díghalraigh	to disinfect/
díleáigh	to digest/
díluacháil	to devalue/
díluchtaigh	to unload/
dílódáil	to unload/
dínáisiúnaigh	to denationalize/
díol	to sell/
díothaigh	to abolish/annihilate/eradicate/exterminate/obliterate/
díphacáil	to unpack/
díreoigh	to defrost/
dírigh	to straighten/unbend/
díscaoil	to disintegrate/dissolve/
díshealbhaigh	to evict/
díshioc	to defrost/
díthruailligh	to decontaminate/
diúraic	to brandish/cast/project/shoot
dóigh	to burn/
dúisigh	to awaken/
dul	to go/
dún	to close/
eadóirsigh	to naturalize/
éadromaigh	to lighten/
eagraigh	to organize/
easpórtáil	to export/
éalaigh	to escape/
éiligh	to claim/demand/request/
éirigh	to rise/
eiseachaid	to extradite/
éist	to listen/
eitil	to fly/
fadaigh	to kindle/lengthen/prolong/
faigh	to get/
fair	to watch/
fairsingigh	to broaden/expand/widen/
fan	to wait/
faobhraigh	to sharpen/
feabhsaigh	to improve/recuperate/
feall	to betray/fail/
feic	to see/
feidhmigh	to enforce/
feistigh	to tie up (boat)/trim (with)
feoigh	to decay
fiach	to chase/hunt
fiafraigh	to ask
fiar	to slant/swerve/tilt/veer/
figh	to weave/
fill	to recur/
fionn	to ascertain/discover/
fiosraigh	to inquire/investigate/
fiuch	to boil/
fliuch	to drench/moisten/wet/
foghlaim	to learn/
foilsigh	to disclose/publish/reveal/
folaigh	to conceal/
folc	to bathe/
folig	to sublet/
folmhaigh	to discharge/unpack/
forbair	to answer/
formhéadaigh	to magnify/
forshuigh	to superimpose/
fortaigh	to relieve/
fostaigh	to employ/engage/hire/
freagair	to answer/
freastail	to attend/
frithchaith	to reflect/
fuadaigh	to hijack/kidnap/snatch/
fuaigh	to sew/
fuaimnigh	to pronounce/
fuascail	to deliver/
fuathaigh	to hate/
fuin	to knead/
fulaing	to suffer/
fág	to leave/
fáiltigh	to receive/rejoice
fáisc	to tighten/wring
fálaigh	to enclose
fás	to grow
féach	to look/
fíoraigh	to verify/
fógair	to announce/
fóir	to watch
gabh	to take/
gaibhnigh	to preen/
gair	to acclaim/exclaim/roar
galraigh	to infect/
galstobh	to braise
geal	to brighten/
geall	to bet/promise/
gearr	to cut/shorten/snip/
gin	to conceive/generate
giorraigh	to curtail/shorten
giortaigh	to shrink/
glac	to take/
glan	to clean/
glaoigh	to call/
gloinigh	to glaze/
glám	to clutch/grab/
gléas	to adjust/
glónraigh	to glaze
gnáthaigh	to haunt
gníomhachtaigh	to activate
gníomhaigh	to activate/perform/act
gnóthaigh	to earn
gob	to peck/
goid	to steal/
goil	to weep/
gor	to hatch/
gortaigh	to hurt/
gread	to batter/swish/wallop/
greamaigh	to fasten
grean	to engrave/grit
greasáil	to nibble/
grinnléigh	to peruse
griog	to annoy/excite/incite/irritate/rile/tease/
griosaigh	to fire/incite/stimulate/inspire
gráinigh	to hate/
gráinseáil	to nibble/
gríosc	to broil
grúdaigh	to brew
guailleáil	to jostle/shoulder
gualaigh	to char (burn)
géaraigh	to aggravate/
géill	to capitulate/give/submit/surrender
hiopnóisigh	to hypnotize/
iarr	to ask
imigh	to go
imir	to play/
impigh	to beg
imscaoil	to decipher/
imtheorannaigh	to intern/
inbhéartaigh	to invert/
infheistigh	to invest
inis	to tell
iniúch	to audit/inspect/
insealbhaigh	to install/
insligh	to beg/
insteall	to inject/
íoc	to contribute/remit (money)
iolraigh	to multiply/
iomlánaigh	to integrate/
iompaigh	to turn/
iompair	to carry
iompórtáil	to import/
ionchorpraigh	to incorporate/
ionchúisigh	to prosecute/
ionfhabhtaigh	to infect/
ionramháil	to maneuver/manipulate/
ionsaigh	to attack/
ionsúigh	to absorb/
íoslaghdaigh	to minimise
íoslódáil	to download
íosmhéadaigh	to minimise (reduce)
ith	to eat/
lagaigh	to dilute/weaken/
laghdhdaigh	to decrease/diminish/dwindle/lessen/lighten/reduce/
lamháil	to allow/
lansaigh	to lance/
las	to light/
lasc	to flog/lash/whip/
leachtaigh	to liquify/
leadair	to whack/
leag	to knock/
lean	to follow/
leasaigh	to amend/reform/season/undo/update/
leath	to diminish/divide/
leathnaigh	to broaden/expand/extend/widen/
leigheas	to cure/heal/remedy/undo/
leithlisigh	to remove?
leomh	to allow/dare/
leáigh	to melt/
lig	to allow/release/
ligh	to lick
liostaigh	to itemize/list/
liostáil	to enlist/
lobh	to decay/decompose/fester/rot/
loc	to enclose/pluck/
lochtaigh	to criticize/
loit	to destroy/
lom	to mow/scuff/shear/
lonnaigh	to settle
lorg	to trace
luacháil	to evaluate/
luaigh	to mention
luathaigh	to accelerate/
luchtaigh	to charge/fill/load/fill/
luigh	to lie (rest)/settle (dust)/to comply with (luigh le)?
láidrigh	to toughen/
láimhsigh	to manipulate/
láraigh	to centralize/
léas	to flog/trash?
léigh	to read/
léim	to jump/
léirigh	to demonstrate/depict/elucidate/illustrate/indicate/portray/
léirsigh	to demonstrate/
líomhain	to allege/
líon	to fill/
lódáil	to load/
lúb	to loop/
machnaigh	to meditate/muse/
maidhm	to burst/detonate/
mair	to live/remain/survive/
maisigh	to decorate/
maistrigh	to churn (agriculture)
maith	to forgive/pardon/
malartaigh	to barter/
mallaigh	to damn/
maolaigh	to abate/allay/alleviate/deaden/modify/qualify/reduce/relieve/slacken/soothe/
maothaigh	to moisten/soak/soften/
maraigh	to kill/slay/
maslaigh	to blaspheme/snub/
maígh	to boast/
meabhraigh	to meditate/memorize/ponder/
meall	to coax/deceive/delude/disappoint/entice/tempt/woo/
mearaigh	to baffle/confound/mystify/perplex/
meas	to consider/
measc	to mix/
meidhrigh	to confuse/frisk/
meil	to fritter/grind/
meáigh	to weigh
mill	to blight/destroy/devastate/mar/spoil/
milsigh	to sweeten/
mionaigh	to crumble/mince/
mionbhrúigh	to crumble
mionscrúdaigh	to scan/sift/scan/
modhnaigh	to modify/
moilligh	to delay/linger/
mol	to praise/
monaraigh	to manufacture/
morg	to decompose
muirnigh	to cherish/cuddle/fondle/
mungail	to munch
méadaigh	to increase/
méaraigh	to baffle/confound/mystify/perplex/
mínigh	to explain
múch	to asphyxiate/extinguish/muffle/smother/stifle/suffocate/
múin	to teach/
múscail	to awaken
nasc	to bind/connect/link/
neadaigh	to embed/nest/nestle/
neartaigh	to strengthen/
neodraigh	to neutralize/
nigh	to wash/
nuachóirigh	to modernize/
náisiúnaigh	to nationalize
nódaigh	to transplant/
obair	to work
oighrigh	to congeal/freeze
oil	to educate
oirnigh	to congeal/freeze
ól	to drink/
ollchóirigh	to overhaul/
onnmhairigh	to export
onóraigh	to honor/
ordaigh	to order/
ornáidigh	to embellish/
oscail	to open/
pacáil	to pack
pearsanaigh	to impersonate
pioc	to pluck/preen/
piólótaigh	to navigate
plac	to bang/eat/gobble/slam/
pléadáil	to pack
pléasc	to bang/burst/erupt/explode/
plúch	to asphyxiate/smother/stifle/suffocate/
poibligh	to advise
poll	to bore/penetrate/perforate/pierce/puncture/
poncloisc	to cauterize
potbhiathaigh	to spoon-feed
prioc	to pluck/preen/
promh	to prove
pábháil	to pack
póraigh	to breed
pós	to marry/wed
radaigh	to radiate
ramhraigh	to fatten/thicken
rangaigh	to classify
ransaigh	to forage/ransack
reoigh	to freeze
riar	to administer/dispense/distribute/manage/mete/provide
righ	to control/stretch
rith	to run
robáil	to rob
roghnaigh	to pick/select
roinn	to divide
rois	to unravel/
rop	to dash/stab/
rothlaigh	to rotate/slew/slue/twirl
ruadhóigh	to scorch
ruaig	to harden?
ruathair	to raid/foray/scramble (rush)/swoop (by police)
rácáil	to rake (as in leaves)?
réal	to develop
réamhaithris	to foretell/predict
réamhcheannaigh	to pre-empt
réamhdhátaigh	to backdate
réasúnaigh	to rationalize
réitigh	to adjust/arrange/clear/elucidate/level/smooth/solve/
ríomh	to calculate/count/reckon
ríomhairigh	to computerize
rómhair	to dig
rúisc	to poke
sábh	to saw
sábháil	to save
sádráil	to exceed/violate (as in history)/outclass (as in sport)/
sáigh	to stab
sáinnigh	to beset/hem
sáraigh	to solder?
sásaigh	to satisfy
sac	to tuck
saibhrigh	to enrich
saibhseáil	to ?
saighid	to incite/provoke
sainaithin	to identify
sainigh	to define
sainmhínmhínigh	to define
samhlaigh	to envisage/imagine/suppose/visualize
sann	to assign
santaigh	to covet
saobh	to distort/pervert/warp
saor	to emancipate/free
saothraigh	to cultivate/farm/make/till
scag	to filter/refine/sift
scaip	to scatter
scaird	to gush/jet/pour/splatter/spray/spurt/
scairt	to shout
scall	to poach/scald
scan	to scan
scanraigh	to appal/frighten/overawe/scare/terrify
scaoil	to release/
scar	to detach/diverge/unfold/
sceimhligh	to terrify
sceith	to divulge/overflow/spawn/spew
scil	to divulge/shell/
scimeáil	to enlist/enlist
scimeáil	to enlist/enlist/
sciob	to snatch
scioll	to scold/
sciorr	to skid
scoir	to adjourn/detach/disband/disconnect
scoith	to wean
scor	to slash
scrabh	to scrape
scrios	to erase
scrábáil	to scrawl/scribble/squiggle
scréach	to screech/
scríobh	to write
scrúdaigh	to examine
seachaid	to deliver
sealbhaigh	to possess
séan	to deny/disown (son)/outgrow (clothes)/repudiate/renounce
séid	to blow/inflate
searbhaigh	to embitter
searg	to shrivel/wilt/wither
seas	to stand
seiceáil	to check/test
seiftigh	to improvise
seilg	to hunt/prey
seinn	to sound/perform/play (all of music)
seol	to dispatch/remit/sail/send
sioc	to congeal/freeze/frost
siortaigh	to forage
siúntaigh	to shunt (as in rail)
slad	to destroy/devastate/loot/pillage/plunder
sleamhnaigh	to glide/slide/slither
slog	to engulf/swallow/swig/
slánaigh	to redeem
slíoc	to pat/pet/
smachtaigh	to control/dominate/restrain
smaoinigh	to think
smeadráil	to smear/
smear	to grease/smear/
smiot	to swat
smol	to blight
smuigleáil	to smuggle
smálaigh	to blot/blur/tarnish
smúr	to sniff
snaidhm	to knit/knot
snoigh	to carve
snámh	to swim
socraigh	to settle
soilsigh	to enlighten/illuminate/shine
soiléirigh	to elucidate
soláthair	to gather/procure/provide/supply
sonraigh	to distinguish/perceive/remark
spall	to spall (small chip of fragment)
spalp	to shrivel?
spoch	to castrate
spreag	to urge/inspire
spáráil	to spare
spíon	to exhaust
spól	to carve
srac	to drag/extort/strive
sraon	to deflect
sreangaigh	to wire
srian	to curb/restrain
sroich	to arrive/reach
sruthlaigh	to rinse
stad	to stop
steall	to dash/spatter/squirt
steiriligh	to sterilize
stiúir	to manage/navigate/steer
stoith	to extract/uproot
streachail	to dissipate/squander
stócáil	to stoke
suaimhnigh	to placate/quieten
suaith	to massage/shuffle
suigh	to sit
suiteáil	to install
síl	to seep/trickle
síolraigh	to breed/
sóinseáil	to change
súigh	to sit
tabhaigh	to deserve
tabhair	to give
tacht	to choke/strangle/throttle
tairngir	to foretell/prophesy
taiscéal	to explore/reconnoiter/reconnoitre/
taispeáin	to show
taithigh	to haunt
tanaigh	to dilute
taom	to teem
tarchuir	to transmit
tarlaigh	to happen/occur
tarraing	to pull
tarrtháil	to rescue/retrieve/salvage
tarscaoil	to waive
teagasc	to instruct
teann	to tighten
teasc	to amputate/sever
teasdíon	to insulate
teilg	to fling/hurl
teimhligh	to darken/stain/tarnish
teorannaigh	to limit/restrict
timpeallaigh	to surround
tiomnaigh	to bequeath/dedicate
tiomsaigh	to compile
tiomáin	to drive
tionlaic	to accompany
tionscain	to begin/institute
tiontaigh	to capsize/convert/invert/turn
tionóil	to assemble
tirimghlan	to dry-clean
tit	to fall
tiubhaigh	to thicken
tochail	to dig
togair	to choose
togh	to cull/elect/select
toghair	to call
toll	to bore/hollow
tomhais	to measure/weigh
tosaigh	to start
traoch	to exhaust
trasnaigh	to heckle/interrupt/intersect
treascair	to annihilate/flatten/overwhelm/topple/
treisigh	to reinforce
treáigh	to digest
truailligh	to contaminate/doctor/pollute
tréig	to abandon/desert/fade/forsake/jilt
tuairteáil	to collide/smash
tuar	to forecast/foresee/foreshadow/predict
tuaslaig	to dissolve
tuig	to comprehend/realize/understand
tuill	to deserve/earn
tuirling	to descend
tum	to submerge
táblaigh	to tabulate
táthaigh	to bind/solder/unite/weld
téacht	to come
tóg	to take
tóraigh	to pursue
uchtaigh	to adopt/
uimhrigh	to number/
uirísligh	to humiliate/
uiscigh	to irrigate/
ullmhaigh	to prepare/
úraigh	to freshen/refresh/sweeten
urchoill	to inhibit/
vacsaínigh	to vaccinate

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