Key
In the Part of speech column there will be a letter indicating how the word is to be used. Here is a key, listing the abbreviations and explaining what these stand for:
adj = adjective - describes an object (e.g. The key was green, The idea is disturbing.)
adv = adverb - describes how a verb is done (e.g. I ran quickly, She easily passed the test.)
conj = conjunction - connects two words, clauses or phrase together (e.g. life or death, I would vote for my gerbil but I'm sane.)
exp = expression
int = interjection - used to convey emotion, not related to any other part of speech (e.g. Ow!, Hooray!)
n = noun - an object (e.g. dog, chair.)
num = number (e.g. Four, One.)
prep = preposition - the location of the object, relative to something else (e.g. Smoke over water, the ball is on the table.)
pron = pronoun - One of: I, You, She, He, They, We, It or One.
v = verb - an action, one which can be used both transitively and intransitively(e.g. We celebrated, we celebrated the party.)
vi = intransitive verb - verbs which can only be done without objects (e.g. Trees rustled, he died.)
vt - transitive verb - verbs which must be applied to an object (e.g. I killed him, I am a hamster.)
Word list
A
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
(to be) able | v | povi | ||
about | prep | pri |
|
|
above | prep | super | ||
absolutely | adv | absolute | ||
accent | n | akcento | This refers to accent as in "word stress". | |
accept | v | akcepti | ||
accident | n | akcidento | ||
according to | prep | laŭ | ||
acquire | vt | gajni | ||
across | prep | trans | ||
across from | prep | kontraŭ | ||
act, action | n | ago | ||
act, take action | vi | agi | ||
adjective | n | adjektivo | ||
admirable | adj | admirinda | ||
admire | vt | admiri | ||
adverb | n | adverbo | ||
aeroplane | n | aeroplano | ||
age | n | aĝo | ||
agree | vi | akordi | ||
aim | vt | celi |
|
|
air | n | aero | ||
airplane | n | aeroplano | ||
airport | n | flughaveno | ||
all | ĉiuj |
|
||
all | ĉia |
|
||
all | ĉio |
|
||
all | ĉiom |
|
||
allow | vt | permesi | ||
almost | adv | preskaŭ | ||
alone | adj | sola | ||
along | prep | laŭ | ||
also | adv | ankaŭ | ||
although | conj | kvankam | ||
always | ĉiam | |||
and | conj | kaj | ||
animal | n | besto | ||
any | iu |
|
By itself iu could mean "anyone" or "someone unknown". The particle ajn specifies anyone. | |
any | iu ajn |
|
The ajn specifies generality, stressing anyone. | |
anybody | iu |
|
By itself iu could mean "anyone" or "someone unknown". The particle ajn specifies anyone. | |
anybody | iu ajn |
|
The ajn specifies generality, stressing anyone. | |
anyway | iel | |||
anywhere | ie | |||
apart from | prep | krom | ||
appear | vt | ŝajni |
|
|
approximately | adv | ĉirkaŭ | ||
April | n | aprilo | ||
arm | n | brako | ||
around | adv | ĉirkaŭ | ||
as | kiel | |||
as if | adv-conj | kvazaŭ | ||
as regards | prep | je | ||
ask | vt | demandi | Refers to asking something (a question). | |
ask | vt | peti | Refers to asking for something (a request). | |
at | prep | ĉe | ||
August | n | aŭgusto | ||
autumn | n | aŭtuno | ||
available | adj | havebla | ||
away | adv | for |
B
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
ball | n | pilko | Refers to a ball for playing with, not a dance ball. | |
ball | n | balo | Refers to a ball as meaning a dance event. | |
bathe | vi | bani | ||
bathroom | n | banĉambro, banejo | ||
beach | n | plaĝo | ||
beautiful | adj | bela | ||
because | conj | ĉar | ||
because (of) | prep | pro | ||
bed | n | lito | This means "a bed for sleeping" | |
bed | n | bedo | This means "a bed for planting" flowers or vegetables | |
bed | n | fundo | "Bed" as in "lake bed", "river bed" or "sea bed" | |
beer | n | biero | ||
begin | vt | komenci | ||
beginning | n | eko | ||
behind | prep | post | ||
believe | vt | kredi | ||
beneath | prep | sub | ||
beside | prep | apud | This means to be literally beside, or next to, something. | |
besides | adv | cetere | Meaning "as for the rest", "moreover" or "what's more". | |
besides | prep | krom | This means "apart from", "other than" or "except". | |
beyond | prep | preter | ||
bicycle | n | biciklo | ||
bird | n | birdo | ||
blue | adj | blua | ||
book | n | libro | ||
boy | n | knabo | ||
bread | n | pano | ||
bright | adj | bela | Refers to "not dark", not "intelligent". | |
bright | adj | inteligenta | In the sense of "intelligent". | |
brother | n | frato | ||
brown | adj | bruna | ||
build | vt | konstrui | ||
bus | n | aŭtobuso, buso | ||
but | conj | sed | ||
buy | vt | aĉeti | ||
by | prep | ĉe | This refers to proximity, as in "stand by the door". | |
by | prep | per | This refers to method, as in "navigate by smell". | |
by | prep | pro | This refers to reason, as in "ruler by descent". | |
bye | ĝis, adiaŭ |
C
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
cake | n | kuko | ||
call | vt | voki | This means "to summon", not "to name". | |
calm | adj | trankvila | ||
car | n | aŭto | ||
care (for) | vt | zorgi | This means "to watch over", not "to be interested in" or "to prefer". | |
careful | adj | atenta | ||
cat | n | kato | ||
cause | n | kaŭzo | ||
cause | vt | igi, kaŭzi | ||
celebrate | v | festi | ||
center | n | centro | ||
centre | n | centro | ||
certain | adj | certa | ||
certainly | adv | certe | ||
chair | n | seĝo | ||
change | vt | ŝanĝi | ||
cheese | n | fromaĝo | ||
child | n | ido | Specifically refers to "offspring". | |
child | n | infano | Specifically refers to "infant". | |
chocolate | n | ĉokolado | ||
circle | n | cirklo, rondo | ||
close | adj | close | This means "near", not "not open". | |
close | v | fermi | This means "not open", not "near". | |
cold | adj | frida | ||
color | n | koloro | ||
colour | n | koloro | ||
come | v | veni | ||
come (from) | vt | deveni | ||
comfortable | adj | komforta | ||
common | adj | komuna | This means "usual", not "frequent". | |
common | adj | ofta | This means "frequent", not "usual". | |
communicate | vi | komuniki | ||
concerning | prep | pri | ||
continue | vi | daŭri, kontinui | ||
cook | v | kuiri | ||
correct | adj | korekta, ĝusta | This means "technically right", not "morally right". | |
correct | adj | prava | This means "morally right", not "technically right". | |
country | n | lando | This means "nation", not "not city". | |
course | n | kurejo | This refers to race courses, or tracks. | |
course | n | kurso | This refers to lesson courses, or classes in school. | |
course | n | plado | This refers to meal courses. | |
cut | vt | tranĉi |
D
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
day | n | tago | ||
December | n | decembro | ||
decide | vt | decidi | ||
depend | vt | dependi | ||
dictionary | n | vortario | ||
direction | n | direkto | ||
do | vt | fari | ||
doctor | n | doktoro, doctorino (f) | ||
dog | n | hundo | ||
door | n | pordo | ||
drink | n | trinkaĵo | If you want to refer to an alcoholic drink specifically, you can use drinkaĵo. | |
drink | vt | trinki | If you want to refer to drinking alcohol specifically, you can use drinki. | |
during | conj-prep | dum |
E
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
each | ĉiu | |||
ear | n | orelo | ||
easily | adv | facile | ||
easy | adj | facila | ||
eight | num | ok | ||
English | adj | angla |
|
You often see angla by itself to refer to the English language. |
entire | adj | tuta | ||
equal | adj | egala | ||
even | adv | eĉ | ||
evening | n | vespero | ||
ever | iam |
|
||
every | adj | ĉia |
|
Specifically means every kind or type. |
every | ĉiu |
|
Specifically means every instance or member (of some group). | |
everyone | ĉiu | |||
everyone's | ĉies | |||
everything | ĉio | |||
everywhere | ĉie | |||
example | n | ekzemplo | ||
excuse | vt | pardoni |
|
|
exercise | n | ekzerco | Refers to a practice exercise, not a muscle-building one. | |
explain | vt | ekspliki | ||
extremely | adv | ege | ||
eye | n | oklo |
F
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
face | n | vizaĝo | ||
fall | n | aŭtuno | ||
fall | vi | fali | ||
family | n | familio | ||
far | adv | for | ||
farewell | adiaŭ | |||
fast | adj | rapida | ||
father | n | patro | ||
fear | vt | timi | ||
February | n | februaro | ||
feel | vt | senti | ||
female | adj | ina | ||
female | n | ino | ||
feminine | adj | ina | ||
finger | n | fingro | ||
finish | vt | fini | ||
fire | n | fajro | ||
first | adj | unua | ||
fish | n | fiŝo | ||
five | num | kvin | ||
flower | n | floro | ||
fly | vi | flugi | ||
follow | vt | sekvi | ||
foot | n | piedo | ||
for | conj-prep | dum |
|
Means "for" as in a duration of time. |
for | prep | por |
|
Means "for" as in "in order to". |
for some reason | ial | |||
forget | vt | forgesi | ||
forgive | vt | pardoni | ||
four | num | kvar | ||
free | adj | libera | Free as in speech, not as in beer. | |
frequent | adj | ofta | ||
Friday | n | vendredo | ||
friend | n | amiko | ||
from | adv | ekde |
|
Means "from" as in "since". |
from | prep | de |
|
Means "from" as in "of". |
from | prep | el |
|
Means "from" as in "out of". |
from ... to ... | exp | inter ... kaj ... | ||
full | adj | plena | Means full as in a full container. | |
full | adj | sata | Means full as in "cannot eat anymore". | |
further | adv | plu |
G
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
game | n | ludo | ||
get | vi | ekhavi | Specifically means "to acquire" ("Mi ekhavis pomon" means "I got an apple" as in "An apple was given to me"). | |
get | vt | havigi | Specifically means "to procure" ("Mi havigis pomon" means "I got an apple" as in "I went out and got an apple"). | |
get | vt | iĝi | Specifically means "to become" (for example, "to become tired" is "iĝi lacan"). | |
give | vt | doni | ||
glass | n | glaso | ||
glass | n | vitro | ||
go | v | iri | ||
good | adj | bona | ||
good-bye | adiaŭ, ĝis | |||
goodbye | adiaŭ, ĝis | |||
gradually | adv | iom post iom | ||
grammar | n | gramatiko | ||
gray | adj | griza | ||
green | adj | verda | ||
greet | vt | bonvenigi, saluti | ||
grey | adj | griza | ||
group | n | klubo, grupo |
H
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
hair | n | haro | A single hair. | |
hair | n | hararo | Hair as in someone's hair. | |
hand | n | mano | ||
happen | vi | okazi | ||
happy | adj | feliĉa, gaja | ||
hasitly | adv | haste | ||
hat | n | ĉapelo | ||
have | vt | havi, teni | ||
have to | vt | devi | ||
he | pron | li | ||
head | n | kapo | ||
healthy | adj | sana | ||
hear | vt | aŭdi | ||
heart | n | koro | ||
help | n | asisto, asistado, helpo | ||
help | vt | asisti, helpi | ||
her | pron | ŝin | ||
here | ĉi tie | |||
here is/are | jen | |||
hide | vt | kaŝi | ||
him | pron | lin | ||
his | adj | lia | ||
hold | vt | teni | ||
home | n | hejmo | ||
hope | vi | esperi | ||
hot | adj | varmega | ||
hour | n | horo | ||
house | n | domo | ||
how | kiel | |||
how many | kiom | |||
how much | kiom | |||
however | adv-conj | tamen | ||
hundred | num | cent | ||
hungry | adj | malsata | ||
hurriedly | adv | haste |
I
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
I | pron | mi | ||
ice | n | glacio | ||
idea | n | ideo | ||
if | conj | se | ||
imagine | v | imagi | ||
immediately | adv | tuj | ||
in | prep | en | ||
in order to | prep | por | ||
indeed | ja | This is used to add emphasis. "Mi amas ŝin" means "I love her", but "Mi ja amas ŝin" means "I do love her". | ||
inform | vt | informi | ||
inside | prep | en | ||
instead (of) | conj-prep | anstataŭ | ||
instruct | v | instrui | ||
interest | n | intereso | ||
interested | adj | interesita | ||
interesting | adj | interesa | ||
into | prep | en | ||
iron | n | fero | Refers to the material. | |
it | pron | ĝi | ||
its | adj | ĝia |
J
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
jackal | n | ŝakalo | ||
jacket | n | jako | ||
jade(colour) | adj | jada | ||
jackpot | n | ĉefpremio | ||
jade (colour) | n | jada | ||
jaw | n | makzelo | ||
January | n | januaro | ||
jealous | adj | enviema, ĵaluza | ||
jellyfish | n | meduzo | ||
jewel | n | gemo, juvelo | ||
journalist | n | ĵurnalistino | ||
journey | n | voyaĝi | ||
joy | n | ĝojo | ||
July | n | julio | ||
jump | vi | salti | ||
June | n | junio | ||
just | adv | ĵus |
K
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
kind | adj | afabla, bonkora, kompleza | ||
kind | n | speco | Refers to a kind, type or sort of something. Rarely used; instead correlatives are most often used: tia → "that kind of" ĉia → "every kind of" ia → "some kind of" kia → "what kind of" | |
kiss | vt | kisi | ||
know | vt | koni |
|
Specifically means "to be acquainted with" or "to know about" someone or something. |
know | vt | scii |
|
Specifically means "to know how to do" or "to know the way of" something. |
L
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
land | n | lando |
|
Refers to a country. |
land | n | tero |
|
Refers to dirt, soil or earth. |
language | n | lingvo | ||
large | adj | granda | ||
last | adj | lasta, fina |
|
Refers to the last in a group. |
last | adj | antaŭa, pasinta |
|
Refers to the previous or former in a group. |
(at) last | adv | fine, finfine | ||
last | vi | daŭri, kontinui | Refers to lasting, surviving or continuing. | |
learn | vt | lerni | ||
least | adv | malplej | ||
(at) least | adv | almenaŭ | ||
letter | n | letero | Refers to mail. | |
letter | n | litero | Refers to the alphabet. | |
Let’s go! | int | Ek! | ||
library | n | biblioteko, librejo | ||
lie | vi | kuŝi | Refers to lying down. | |
lie | vi | mensogi | Refers to telling an untruth. | |
lift | vt | levi | ||
light | adj | leĝera, malpeza | ||
light | n | lumo | ||
like | kiel | |||
like | vt | ŝati | ||
listen | vt | aŭskulti | ||
(a) little | iom | |||
little | adj | malgranda | ||
live | vi | loĝi | Refers to dwelling, or living someplace. | |
live | vi | vivi | Refers to being alive. | |
long | adj | longa | ||
look | vt | aspekti | Refers to looking like something. | |
look | vi | rigardi | Refers to looking at something. | |
love | vt | ami | ||
lunch | n | lunĉo, meztagmanĝo |
M
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
main | adj | ĉefa, precipa | ||
make | vt | fari | Refers to creating something. | |
make | vt | igi | Refers to becoming something. | |
man | n | viro | ||
March | n | marto | ||
May | n | majo | ||
maybe | adv | eble | ||
me | pron | mi, min | ||
meet | v | kunveni, rendevui, renkonti | ||
middle | n | mezo | ||
milk | n | lakto | ||
minute | n | minuto | ||
moment | n | momento | ||
Monday | n | lundo | ||
money | n | mono | ||
more | pli | |||
morning | n | mateno | ||
most | plej | |||
mountain | n | monto | ||
mouth | n | buŝo | ||
move | vi | movi | ||
much | adj | multa | ||
must | vt | devi | ||
my | adj | mia |
N
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
near | adj | proksima | ||
near | adv | proksime | ||
need | vt | bezoni | ||
never | neniam | |||
new | adj | nova | ||
next | adj | proksima | In the sense of "the nearest". | |
next | adj | sekva | In the sense of "following". It is most often used in participle form (sekvanta, sekvinta, sekvonta), depending on whether the following is in the past, present or future. | |
next | adj | venonta | In the sense of "upcoming". | |
next to | prep | apud | ||
night | n | nokto | ||
no | adv | ne | ||
no | adj | neniu | In the sense of "not any". | |
no | adj | neniom da | In the sense of "no amount of". | |
north | n | nordo | ||
note | n | noto | Refers to a written or recorded note. | |
note | n | tono | Refers to a musical note. | |
note | vt | konstati | Refers to taking note of something. | |
note | vt | noti | Refers to making or recording a note about something. | |
nothing | n | nenio | ||
notice | n | anonco, notico | ||
notice | vt | rimarki | ||
noun | n | substantivo | ||
now | adv | nun | ||
number | n | numero |
O
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
on | prep | sur | ||
one | num | unu | ||
one | pron | oni | ||
only | adj | nur | ||
only | adv | sole | ||
open | adj | malfermita | Refers to "not closed". | |
open | adj | libera | Refers to public, or free. | |
or | conj | aŭ | ||
other | alia | |||
our | adj | nia | ||
over | prep | pli ol | Refers to "more than". | |
over | prep | super | Refers to being over top of something. | |
over | adj | finita | Refers to being finished or done. | |
own | vt | proprieti |
P
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
part | n | parto | Refers to a piece of a something. | |
part | n | rolo | Refers to a role. | |
part | vt | apartigi, disigi | Refers to splitting something. | |
part | vi | disiĝi, disiri | Refers to something being split. | |
part | vi | ekveturi, ekvojaĝi, foriri, forvojaĝi | Refers to leaving. | |
pass | vt | pasi | Refers to passing by something. | |
people | n | homoj, personoj | ||
perhaps | eble | |||
person | n | persono, ulo | ||
picture | n | bildo | ||
piece | n | peco, ero | ||
place | n | ejo, loko | ||
plain | adj | klara, malkaŝa | Refers to being clear. | |
plain | adj | nebela, simpla | Refers to being unadorned. | |
plain | n | ebenaĵo | Refers to flat area of land. | |
plan | vi | plani | ||
play | vi | ludi | ||
possible | adj | ebla | ||
problem | n | problemo | ||
produce | vt | kaŭzi, produkti, realigi | ||
product | n | produkto | ||
pull | v | tiri | ||
put | vt | meti |
Q
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
queen | n | reĝino | ||
queer | adj | drola | ||
quest | n | serĉado | ||
question | n | demando | ||
queue | n | vico | ||
quick | adj | rapida | ||
quiet | adj | mallaŭta, kvieta | ||
quiet | n | kvieto | ||
quiet | vt | trankviligi | ||
quite | n | tute, sufiĉe | ||
quote | vt | citi | ||
quote | n | citaĵo |
R
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|
S
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|
T
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|
U
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|
V
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|
W
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|
X
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|
Y
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|
Z
![]() |
Part of speech | ![]() |
Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
zebra | n | zebro | ||
zero | num | nul | ||
zigzag | adj | zigzaga | ||
zigzag | adj | zigzaga | ||
zip | vt | zipi | ||
zodiac | n | zodiako | ||
zombie | n | sorĉkadavro, zombio | ||
zoom | vi | zomi |